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22. The consumer electronics market is growing at a very fast pace and the consumer electronics industry is valued at USD 1 trillion in 2020. Only 17.4 . informal e-waste processing workers were also sought in order to give the general public interviews a structural context. E-waste Monitor 2014. As a result Liberia has no specific legal instruments relating to e-waste management. brown and white goods. The Benin e-Waste Country Assessment, comprising Components 1 and 2 of the Secretariat of the Basel Convention e-Waste Africa Project, was undertaken between November 2009 and May 2011, with a main focus on the Cotonou area and on various entry points of used EEE and WEEE into the country. 1 Inspired by the Civil Rights movement, EJ became widespread in the 1980s at the intersection of environmentalism and social justice. As the Armed Services Committee report found, "much of the material used to make counterfeit electronic parts is electronic waste, or e-waste, shipped from the United States and the rest of the world to China." , but also household appliances, e.g. New Delhi: India is finally set to have a law which can tackle head on the mounting problem of electronic waste dumped in the country. By contrast, counterfeiters re-process used electronic components pulled from e-waste — the source of their feedstock. There is, however, no standard or generally accepted definition of e-waste in the world. Saudi Arabia contains the biggest total amount of e-waste among the GCC countries. Although there are federal requirements under . It grew with 1.8 Mt since 2014, but the total e-waste generation increased by 9.2 Mt. E-waste contains valuable materials that have an economic value when recycled. The EAC claimed that out of 44.7 million tonnes of e-waste produced worldwide in 2017, 90% of it was either sent to landfill, incinerated, illegally traded or otherwise treated in a sub-standard way. Governmental agencies 40 7.2. The latest and updated research report on the Global e-Waste and Information Technology Asset Disposition (ITAD) Market covers a comprehensive overview of the e-Waste and Information Technology . Consumers 43 7.4. The map feature also allows to explore country specific data and legislation system. The Global E-waste Monitor 2017 provides the most comprehensive overview of global e-waste statistics and an unprecedented level of detail, including an overview of the magnitude of the e-waste problem in different regions. These guidelines need to address all operators in the EoL chain, and in a globalized and ever more globalizing world, such guidelines should be as international as possible (section 1 on page 14). 2 Environmental injustice is experienced through heightened exposure to pollution and corresponding health risks, limited access to . It was found that most respondents do not participate in formal e-waste recycling systems, do not know specific details about the health and environmental hazards of e-waste, and do not know about the 2011 e-waste legislation. The Global E-waste Monitor 2017 provides the most comprehensive overview of global e-waste statistics and an unprecedented level of detail, including an overview of the magnitude of the e-waste problem in different regions. E-waste in Rwanda 9 End-of-Life of off-grid solar products: volume and impacts 9 2. Apr 22, 2010, 12:44 PM IST. 1Antimony - Irritation of the eyes, Skin, Lungs, Heart. The vision of the company is "to manufacture and sell the best products on earth and to make the world better than we found it". EPA and UNU first signed a cooperative agreement to work together on e-waste in November 2010 and then again in 2015. By 2017 the annual volume of e-waste will increase by some 33 percent to an estimated 65.4 million tons - the equivalent in weight . Step, formerly known as UNU-Step, was previously an initiative under the United Nations University (UNU). Table 1 shows top ten states producing e-waste in India. Analysis of Consumer electronic industry - Apple industry analysis. Waste from end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment, known as e-waste, is a rapidly growing global problem. It is even currently the waste that shows the strongest growth from one year to the . However, if recycled The map feature also allows to explore country specific data and legislation system. •The U.S. accounts for more e-waste than any other country in the world: approximately 9.4 million tons annually. By attaching GPS trackers to a number of different technological items and placing them in recycling centres all over Europe, BAN were able to determine where the e-waste ended up. e-Waste Assessment in Uganda - a situational analysis 4/35 Formal e-waste recyclers do not exist in Uganda. There are private companies, initiatives and Non-Profit-Organizations currently working on e-waste recycling, but there is a lack of proper regulated system in place. e-waste) programs that would support monitoring (law enforcement and human/environmental health), dissemination of and access to available information as well as opportunities for training and education in this area. Legislation related to e-waste, standards and guidelines already available are summed up and analyzed (Table 1 on page 18). Electronic waste generated in the Commonwealth of Independent States + Georgia rose by 50% between 2010 and 2019, roughly the world average, but overall just 3.2% was collected and safely managed,. Although about 71% of the world's populace has incorporated E-waste legislation, there is a need to enforce and implement a common legal framework across the globe. Project Elements. e-Waste is generated at the staggering rate of 6.1 kg per person. Improper electronic waste dumping is a global problem, though an author of the EU-funded report says much of Europe's waste stays on the continent. Electronic waste generated in the Commonwealth of Independent States + Georgia rose by 50% between 2010 and 2019, roughly the world average, but overall just 3.2% was collected and safely managed,. The U.S. Senate is considering the Electronic Device Recycling Research and Development Act (S. 1397, a version of bill H.R. Results from this analysis contradict the long -standing assumption that e-waste is a rapidly growing waste stream in the U.S. However, there is no comprehensive law on e-waste management in GCC region yet. 2 July 2020 - A record 53.6 million metric tonnes (Mt) of electronic waste was generated worldwide in 2019, up 21 per cent in just five years, according to the UN's Global E-waste Monitor 2020, released today. Fast paced obsolescence in the electronic sector has resulted in the generation of e-waste. The comparison is on the existing system, legal restrictions on e-waste imports, dumping sites, etc. a baseline material footprint analysis is conducted to retroactively estimate the material consumption and waste generation associated with household electronic product consumption in the U.S. from 1990 until present. The goal of our project was to facilitate the passage of comprehensive E-Waste recycling legislation. This paper presents an overview of the statistics on global e-waste generation and the sales of new electrical equipment and electronics in general. Industry 41 7.3. The e-waste management market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 1.8% from 2019 to 2025 to reach $45.78 billion by 2025. 2. Download Citation | A comprehensive analysis of e-waste legislation worldwide | The improper disposal and informal processing of e-waste have raised serious concerns for the environment and human . Existing e-waste management infrastructure 14 Collection infrastructure 14 Dismantling and depollution infrastructure 15 Downstream options 15 4. Literature Review On E-Waste Management. Policy and legislation 12 Waste Policy 12 Current Legal Framework in Rwanda 13 3. The management of this huge quantity of e-waste is a major problem across the world, primarily in developing countries. PC, monitors, Tv, etc. Kahhat, R. and E. Williams (2012) "Materials flow analysis of e-waste: Domestic flows and exports of used computers from the United States" Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 67: 67-74. Global Precious Metals E-Waste Recovery Market to Garner Revenue of $12,636.3 Million at a CAGR of 4.7% from 2020-2027 - Exclusive Report [265 pages] by Research Dive E-Waste Day: 82% of India's e-waste is personal devices. E-Waste components and its health hazards if done manually in an uncontrolled and informal method. In 2019, the world set a record for e-waste, generating 53.6 million metric tons of it. Our connected consumer society generates a lot of electronic waste, around 50 million tonnes per year worldwide. Review of literature Let us consider some of the wastes that is present in this world. The major concern in terms of management of e-waste is, more than 90% of the available E-waste continued to be recycled in the informal sector, in the by-lanes of cities and towns. Overview of legislation on e-waste 29 5.2. The total amount of e-waste produced has reached approximately 41 million tonnes in 2014 and increasing at a rate of 3-5% every year. Differences start from the waste flows included in the WEEE legislation the EU directive is the widest legislation on WEEE as it includes electronic products e.g. The Solving the E-waste Problem (StEP) Initiative emerged in 2004 as an independent, multi-stakeholder platform for designing strategies that address all dimensions of electronics in an increasingly digitized world. 2Bismuth - Inhalation problems, Skin reactions, Sleeplessness, Depression, Rheumatic pain. The report includes up-to-date information on the amounts of e-waste generated and recycled, makes predictions until 2021 . The United Nations has dubbed the rising e garbage a 'tsunami of e-waste,' because it is the "fastest-growing waste stream in the world," with 51 million tonnes generated in 2019. While 65 cities generate more than 60% of the total e-waste in India (Rajya Sabha, 2011). the E-waste Management and Handling Rules were adopted in 2012, already considering the EPR framework and setting objectives for the recovery and recycling of WEEE. E-waste is a rapidly growing waste stream in the world today and is estimated to be growing at 3-5 % per annum. implement waste management (e.g. informal e-waste processing workers were also sought in order to give the general public interviews a structural context. chain of e-waste. E-waste is a rich source of precious metals such as gold, silver, and copper, which can be recovered and recycled/reused into the production cycle . Some of them are agricultural waste, biodegradable waste, electronic waste, food waste, etc., All these wastes to some extent are not waste i.e., it can recycled and can be used further through recycling process. Figure 3 below shows top ten cities producing e-waste and quantum of e-waste produced by them. Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEEs) are generally categorised based on their usage and useful life for drafting the e-waste policy. The website publicly visualizes e-waste indicators on e-waste generated and e-waste formally collected. The latest research on "Global E-Waste Recycling & Reuse Service Report 2021" offered by HTF MI provides a comprehensive investigation into the geographical landscape, industry size along with . Research institutions 43 . known as Electronic waste (E-waste). Kim Kyung-Hoon/REUTERS The e-waste problem isn't . The National Environment Agency (NEA) of Singapore has released the results of a . A comprehensive analysis of e-waste legislation worldwide The improper disposal and informal processing of e-waste have raised serious concerns for the environment and human health worldwide. StEP applies an integrated, science-rooted approach to create salient solutions to global e-waste challenges along the entire . "The provisions of the new law could be such as could effectively monitor the trade in electronic waste and reduce illegal imports," Ravi Agarwal, director of Toxics Link, said in an . Environmental Justice (EJ) is defined as the equal treatment and involvement of all people in environmental decision making. 24. National projects 33 6.2. International collaboration and projects 37 7. This year's worldwide electronic waste will be a mountain of an estimated 57.4 million tonnes, a report by Global E-waste Monitor released on World E-Waste Day indicates. The report details how the StEP Initiative has generated comprehensive, verifiable data on e-waste volumes for the first time, soon to be made widely available through an online e-waste world map. Consideration of the adoption of the Future of Electronic Waste Management in California report and the recommendations contained therein as CalRecycle's policy regarding the future management of electronic waste was held on May 15, 2018 at the CalRecycle public monthly meeting.The Request for Approval was approved and signed by the Director on May 15, 2018. The latest research on "Global E-waste Reuse Report 2021" offered by HTF MI provides a comprehensive investigation into the geographical landscape, industry size along with the revenue . Electronic waste generated in the Commonwealth of Independent States and Georgia rose by 50% between 2010 and 2019, roughly the world average, but overall just 3.2% was collected and safely managed, well below the 17.4% average worldwide, according to the UN's first report dedicated to the e-waste issue in the 12 former Soviet countries. The current e-waste generation pattern is 1.7 million tons / annum, with an alarming growth rate of 15% each year. For UPSC 2022 preparation, follow BYJU'S. The study provides insights into the existing e-waste practices of the various stakeholders in the system. It was found that most respondents do not participate in formal e-waste recycling systems, do not know specific details about the health and environmental hazards of e-waste, and do not know about the 2011 e-waste legislation. States/UT contribute to 70% of the total e-waste generated in the country. The Global E-waste Monitor 2017 report by The United Nation's University (UNU) states that only 66% of the world's population (spread over 67 countries) are covered under e-waste legislation (Balde et al. In 2019, the world generated 53.6 million metric tons (Mt), and only 17.4% of this was officially documented as properly collected and recycled. Not all states have adopted legislation and there is a heterogeneous mosaic [27]. In the absence of comprehensive U.S. e-waste legislation, several NGOs have stepped in to create frameworks for "certifying" the work of recyclers, most notably R2 and e-Stewards. Enforcement of e-waste legislation: challenges and opportunities 31 6. E-waste Monitors They provide the most comprehensive overview of global e-waste statistics, including an overview of the magnitude of the e-waste challenges . " similar legislative approach has been developed by Japan, which also includes large and small . In most cases, e-waste comprises of the relatively expensive and essentially durable products used for data processing, telecommunications or entertainment in private households and businesses. As such, the end-of-life management of consumed ICT goods This Report Focuses on the Major Drivers, Restraints, Opportunities. The authors conducted a comprehensive study of the existing e-waste management system in Bangalore. Results from the survey illustrated gaps among households' awareness and disposal behavior of e-waste, where e-waste recycling rates were noticed to be low. Pursuant to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established regulations regarding the disposal of hazardous wastes. First, we characterized E-Waste recycling policy at the international, national, and state levels. In 2016, 44.7 million tonnes was generated globally, and the amount is estimated to reach 52 million tonnes annually by 2021. The article explains the gap created among the stakeholders and their knowledge on the roles and responsibilities towards a legalized E-waste management. Recent studies estimate that in 2013, roughly 40% of the 3.14 million tons of e-waste generated in the U.S. was collected for recycling while the remainder was disposed of in landfills and . Electronic waste or E-waste is one of the main sources of harmful toxic pollutants (polyvinyl chlorides, polychlorinated biphenyls, lead and mercury). A recent United Nations Study found that 44.7 million metric tonnes (Mt) of e-waste were generated, globally in 2016 and only about 20 per cent - or 8.9 million metric tonnes - of this amount was recycled. This report shows that the global growth in the generation of e-waste continues. 3Cadmium- Damage the lungs. Graham Sustainability Institute (2021) "Emerging Opportunities Program: Identifying Comprehensive Solutions to Electronic Waste Recycling." 23. August 29, 2007 - February 6, 2008 RL34147. E-waste also represents a potent source of valuable metals such as gold, silver, palladium, and copper. AMP is one solution to the expanding global e-waste problem, but many more solutions are needed. However, more countries are planning and trying to adopt e-waste legislation. Abstract China is one of the largest manufacturers and consumers of electronic products, thus consequently generating a large amount of e-wastes, while the processes of treatment and recycling of e-wastes has resulted in severe adverse environmental and human health impacts in China. Abstract-With ever increasing urbanization and growth all over the world, we need a stable and . Electronic waste, or e-waste, is the fastest growing waste stream worldwide and the U.S. has one of the highest generation rates (StEP, 2015; US EPA, 2012). Additionally, we compared the purposes and attributes of previous and pending E-Waste bills in Massachusetts. Waste mobile phones is taken as a key representative in this study, in which potential waste mobile phones is estimated using the Approximation 1 method in the period 2021-2030. Discover the latest technologies in the pursuit of zero-waste solutions in the electronics industry In Electronic Waste: Recycling and Reprocessing for a Sustainable Future, a team of expert sustainability researchers delivers a collection of resources that thoroughly examine methods for extracting value from electronic waste while aiming for a zero-waste scenario in industrial production. Studies on e-waste generation by prev … Projects related to e-waste 33 6.1. E-waste Recycling Market Research Report is a Proficient and In-Depth Study on the Existing State of E-waste Recycling Industry. Know more about E-waste management rules 2016. Department of Computer Engineering1,2,3,4, Vivekanand Education Societys Institute of Technology1,2,3,4. Download E-waste notes PDF for IAS Exam. Managing Electronic Waste: An Analysis of State E-Waste Legislation. 2017 ). E-Waste and Innovation: Unlocking Hidden Value. Handling policies of Electronic Waste (e-waste) or Waste of Electrical and Electronics Equipment (WEEE) are an essential aspect of the environmental ethics of a country. Half of this is personal devices such as computers, screens, smartphones, tablets and TVs, with the remainder being larger household appliances and heating and cooling equipment. 1580 passed by the House of Representatives) (16-18).If made law, the act could fund e-waste engineering research, development, and demonstration projects; engineering curriculum development; and research into non-toxic, environmentally responsible alternative products. In 2018, an estimated 50 million tonnes of e-waste was reported around the world, costing $62.5 billion and expected to grow in both value and volume annually. Throughout the workshop, participants identified individual actions to enhance their comprehensive programs for the collection, reuse and recycling of e-waste, as well as, collective and IEMN team actions to achieve our shared mission of increasing the implementation of environmentally sound management of e-waste. Description New Research Study "E-Waste Recycling and Reuse Services Market 2022 analysis by Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, •Global e-waste is expected to grow by 8 percent per year - and grew by 20 percent in the U.S. between 2015 and 2017. A Comprehensive Study on Waste Segregation Techniques. EPA also collaborates with the Solving the E-waste Problem Initiative (Step) to jointly address the e-waste problem in developing countries. Studies on sustainable management of waste from electrical and electronic equipment (or e-waste) have gained increasing attention from researchers around the world in recent years, with investigations into various aspects of e-waste management were investigated. Discarded end-of-life electrical and electronic devices - essentially every office or household good with a cable - are the world's fastest growing waste stream. Electronic Waste/ e-waste are electronic appliances that have been discarded after use, e.g., mobile phones, computers, etc. Murlidhar Gangwani1, Madhuresh Pandey2, Nikhil Punjabi3, Prateek Khatwani4, Sunita Sahu5. Experts foresee a further 17 per cent increase — to 52.2 million metric tonnes of e-waste by 2021. However there are recycling options for different waste streams generated by a personal computer, which includes the plastic (needs investments to include plastic from e-waste), ferrous metals, aluminium and copper. The new report also predicts global e-waste - discarded products with a battery or plug - will reach 74 Mt by 2030, almost a doubling . It is estimated that 50 million tonne of e-waste will be generated globally in 2018. 5.1. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management This paper examines the policy trends of electronic waste (e-waste) management in Asia. In the USA, the legislation for the regulation of WEEE is entrusted to each individual state. •The average U.S. household owns 28 consumer electronics. A covert investigation by the environmental watchdog the Basel Action Network (BAN) has revealed that the UK is the chief offender in Europe when it comes to illegally exporting e-waste to countries outside of the EU. Compilation of e-waste Statistics -Support from UNU National Bureau of Statistics Tanzania The E-waste statistics Guidelines •provides for a comprehensive Frameworkon e-waste statistics to compile e-waste statistics that are comparable between countries worldwide The EEE Put on Market Tool •help the user to prepare, adjust and Disposal of e-waste requires specialtreatment to minimize impacts on the environment; e-waste contains many hazardous substances that are extremely dangerous to human health and the environment. The website publicly visualizes e-waste indicators on e-waste generated and e-waste formally collected. E-waste Monitors They provide the most comprehensive overview of global e-waste statistics, including an overview of the magnitude of the e-waste challenges . The Stakeholder analysis 40 7.1. During 2012 and 2013 the initiative continued to develop smart product design strategies, and support e-waste legislation in the developing world. 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